Once again, VisualEditor makes adding images to articles much easier.
To add an image, click on the "Insert" drop-down menu from the editing toolbar from within VisualEditor. Then, click "Media" (the first option in the drop down).
Search for a photograph or other image by name or subject in the search bar.
Click "Use this image" to select that file.
In the "General" tab of the next window, add the caption.
The only "Advanced" (next tab) option used with frequency is left-align.
This is how an image appears immediately after it is inserted into the article.