NSF
"What constitutes 'data' covered by a Data Management Plan?
What constitutes such data will be determined by the community of interest through the process of peer review and program management. This may include, but is not limited to: data, publications, samples, physical collections, software and models."
http://www.nsf.gov/bfa/dias/policy/dmpfaqs.jsp#1
NIH
"Final Research Data - Recorded factual material commonly accepted in the scientific community as necessary to document and support research findings. This does not mean summary statistics or tables; rather, it means the data on which summary statistics and tables are based. For the purposes of this policy, final research data do not include laboratory notebooks, partial datasets, preliminary analyses, drafts of scientific papers, plans for future research, peer review reports, communications with colleagues, or physical objects, such as gels or laboratory specimens. NIH has separate guidance on the sharing of research resources, which can be found at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/nihgps_2013/nihgps_ch8.htm#_Toc271264947"
https://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/data_sharing/data_sharing_guidance.htm#fin
NEH
"'Data' is defined as materials generated or collected during the course of conducting research. Examples of humanities data could include citations, software code, algorithms, digital tools, documentation, databases, geospatial coordinates (for example, from archaeological digs), reports, and articles. Excluded, however, are things such as preliminary analyses, drafts of papers, plans for future research, peer-review assessments, communications with colleagues, materials that must remain confidential until they are published, and information whose release would result in an invasion of personal privacy (for example, information that could be used to identify a particular person who was one of the subjects of a research study).
Many variables govern what constitutes “data” and the management of data, and each discipline has its own culture regarding data. For example, the data produced by an archeologist might be quite different from the data produced by an historian. The data management plan will be evaluated as part of each proposal. Proposals must include sufficient information to enable peer reviewers to assess an applicant’s data management plan. The plan should reflect best practices in the applicant’s area of research, and it should be appropriate to the data that the project will generate."
http://www.neh.gov/files/grants/data_management_plans_2015.pdf
